Performance Anxiety in Children

Research suggests that performance anxiety in children can affect their confidence and willingness to participate in activities such as class presentations, exams, music performances and sport. Children may worry about making mistakes, being judged by others or not meeting expectations. Performance anxiety can occur at different ages and may become more noticeable as school and social demands increase.

Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) is an evidence-based treatment for anxiety in children and young people. Research supports CBT for childhood anxiety, including social anxiety, although the most appropriate approach depends on the child’s needs and circumstances. CBT helps children recognise unhelpful thoughts and develop more balanced ways of thinking. For example, a child who worries, “What if I mess this up?” may learn to think, “I can give it a go, even if it isn’t perfect.” CBT may also involve gradual exposure, where children practise facing feared situations in manageable steps, such as speaking in front of a parent before presenting to their class.

Relaxation strategies, including deep breathing, may help children manage the physical signs of anxiety. Mindfulness can also help children notice their thoughts and feelings without becoming overwhelmed by them. Parents can support progress by acknowledging their child’s feelings, encouraging gradual participation and recognising effort rather than focusing only on performance.

Other Treatment Approaches for Performance Anxiety in Children

Other strategies may complement psychological treatment, depending on the child’s needs. Performance skills training can help children prepare for challenging situations, such as public speaking, music performances or sporting events. Breaking a task into smaller steps, practising beforehand and developing a plan for managing nerves can help children feel more prepared.

Mindfulness and relaxation exercises may also be useful additions to a broader treatment plan. These strategies can help children manage anxious feelings, although they may not be sufficient on their own when anxiety significantly interferes with daily life.

For some children with more severe anxiety, medication may be considered following an assessment by an appropriately qualified medical practitioner. The decision depends on the child’s symptoms, circumstances and treatment needs. Psychological therapy and medication may sometimes be used together.

Why Early Treatment for Performance Anxiety in Children Is Crucial

Addressing performance anxiety early may help prevent avoidance from becoming an established pattern. When children repeatedly avoid situations that make them anxious, they may miss opportunities to develop skills, build confidence and participate in school or extracurricular activities.

With appropriate support, children can learn how to manage their anxiety, gradually approach challenging situations and develop confidence in their ability to cope, even when things do not go perfectly.